Wednesday, August 28, 2013

Nokia Says Committed to India Despite Difficulties

NEW DELHI -- Nokia said Saturday it is in talks with India's government about how to create a better business climate and remains "committed" to its manufacturing plant in the country.

The statement followed an Indian Express newspaper report Friday that said the mobile maker had told New Delhi the country is now its "least favorable market" in which to operate and it made better sense to export its products from China.

"Nokia can confirm that it has been in discussions with the central government and state government over ways to bring greater clarity to the business environment in India," the company said.

"These discussions have been both constructive and productive, and both sides have worked in a true spirit of cooperation," the company added.

Foreign direct investment in India has slowed sharply amid mounting domestic economic woes including a plunging rupee, a huge current account deficit, slowing growth and perceived government policy paralysis.

A string of tax disputes embroiling Nokia and other multinationals including Cadbury Royal Dutch Shell and Vodafone has also deterred investors.

Nokia, fighting a 20-billion rupee (US$311 million) tax demand from Indian authorities, did not elaborate on the contents of its talks with the government.

The Indian Express report Friday said Nokia had urged the government to "act quickly to correct the wrong perception of India as a place for business."

It quoted the phonemaker as saying "the political risk of operating in India" has become "suddenly substantially higher and may inevitably influence future decisions to develop one's operations in India."

But Nokia said it remained "committed" to India which remains a "priority market" and its Chennai plant plays an "integral part in our global manufacturing strategy."

The Chennai plant is one of Nokia's biggest worldwide.

India has stepped up its pursuit of alleged tax delinquents to reduce a hefty budget deficit. Nokia insists software downloaded onto its mobiles in India should to be taxed in Finland under a bilateral treaty between the countries, but India's tax authorities view it differently.

India -- one of the world's fastest-growing mobile phone markets -- is the second largest market for Nokia which began operations in the country in 1995 and employs 8,000 workers directly in Chennai.

Nokia, which had been India's leading handset maker for 14 years, recently ceded its crown to Samsung.

Copyright Agence France-Presse, 2013


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Shifting Sands for Companies Investing in Europe

For more than 20 years now, American companies expanding into Europe has been able to consider a second frontier of Central and Eastern Europe as a viable investment location, in addition to the already well trodden locations of the West.

The attractiveness of countries such as Poland and the Czech Republic was evident with a combination of low cost labor and easy distances to the buyers of products and services in Germany and the UK etc.

While this trend persisted until around the beginning of the global economic downturn, since then a number of forces have been at play to render the site selection decision more complex than it had ever been previously.

This article will examine some of these points and discuss what the future holds for investors considering a first foray into Europe.

Convergence in the Offer

The days of the low cost Eastern Europe solution are numbered, as wage inflation, albeit slowly, does creep up in all but the least developed countries in the East. The leading economic development organizations in the region realized this at an early stage, and at the same time knew they had more to offer than cost. Many of the countries in the region have high standards of education (e.g. Poland ranks higher than the U.S.), a rapidly developing infrastructure, and language capabilities  that make these locations genuinely viable for companies engaged in the same types of investment as in Western Europe.

At the same time, the pressures of the downturn have led many countries to move further down the value chain in their pursuit of companies. Hence, an American company is now typically faced with a new question of ‘where in Europe?’, not where in Western, or where in Eastern Europe, as the two start to become one of the same.

While a global economic recovery may signal a retreat back into high value added activities by the West, the East will nevertheless continue its catch up and increasingly be in a position to support companies expanding in high value industries.

Competiveness vs. Heterogeneity

This is not to say that each country in Europe now presents an equivalent offer to a company, and indeed the quality of offer between for example Poland, and Albania will still be relatively stark. In addition, the key for the American investor is to recognize that the factors that go into site selection are, inevitably, different  from a U.S. expansion. The range of cultures, laws and business regulations make the choice far from straightforward, so that even a European company expanding elsewhere in Europe must navigate new challenges with every new location.

One simple example would be around property rents, where the standard lease terms differ between each country.


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China Probes Oil Executive for Suspected Graft

SHANGHAI -- Chinese authorities are investigating a top official of the country's largest oil and gas producer for "discipline violations", state media said Monday, using a term that typically refers to corruption.

The Communist Party's graft watchdog was investigating Wang Yongchun, a vice president of state-owned China National Petroleum Corp. (CNPC), the official Xinhua news agency reported.

The brief report gave no details of the allegations against Wang, beyond saying he was suspected of "severe" violations of party discipline.

Wang is also general manager of the Daqing Oilfield Co., which manages China's largest oilfield. He is one of five vice presidents of CNPC.

The announcement came as the trial of disgraced politician Bo Xilai for bribery, embezzlement and abuse of power ended after five days of hearings.

Chinese president Xi Jinping has vowed to crack down on corruption at all levels of the government, calling graft a threat to the future of the ruling Communist party.

But critics say a significant effort to reduce corruption would require increased transparency from the ultra-secretive party, as well as a loosening of controls on the media and courts.

Wang, a senior petroleum engineer, became general manager of the Daqing company in 2009 and a CNPC vice president in 2011.

He has over 30 years experience in the industry, earlier working at another oil field in the northeastern province of Jilin..

Copyright Agence France-Presse, 2013


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Google Buys Virtual Imaging Patents from Foxconn

WASHINGTON - Google has bought virtual imaging patents from Taiwanese supplier Foxconn that could be used in its interactive "Google Glass" devices, according to a document acquired Saturday.

No details were released on the amount of the transaction.

The patents relate to a technology that permits virtual images to be super-imposed over real ones, according to media reports.

They could be used in the interactive voice-activated eyewear being developed by the Internet giant.

Facebook, Twitter and major news organizations have already tailored applications for Glass, which has only been made available to developers and a limited selection of "explorers" who paid $1,500 each for the eyewear.

Envisioned uses range from practical tasks such as shopping or delivering local weather reports to sharing real time video streams or playing augmented reality games in which the world is the board.

Foxconn Technology, whose parent company is Taiwan-based Hon Hai Precision Industry (IW 1000/24), is the main supplier in Asia for Google's biggest rival Apple (IW 500/4), particularly for the manufacture of iPhones.

Copyright Agence France-Presse, 2013


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Biotech Giant Amgen to Buy Rival Onyx for $10.4 Billion

WASHINGTON - The world's top biotech firm, Amgen (IW 500/71), has struck a deal to buy Onyx Pharmaceuticals for $10.4 billion, the two companies announced Sunday, joining a trend toward consolidation in the drugmaking industry.

The deal to purchase cancer drug specialist Onyx was reached after months of negotiations. Thousand Oaks-based Amgen will acquire outstanding shares of Onyx for $125 a share in cash, the statement said.

That's an increase of $4 per share over Amgen's previous bid, rejected as insufficient by the San Francisco drugmaker in June.

The deal will allow Amgen to get its hands on Kyprolis, a promising treatment for blood cancer developed by Onyx and approved by U.S. authorities in 2012.

In the statement, Amgen said it will use its "experience" and "capabilities" in cancer research to support Onyx's clinical development programs and exploit the potential of Kyprolis in the U.S. and the rest of the world.

"We believe that Amgen is ideally suited to realize the full potential of Onyx's portfolio and pipeline for the benefit of physicians and patients," said Amgen chief Robert Bradway.

The transaction is expected to be finalized in the beginning of the fourth quarter, subject to U.S. regulatory approval.

Amgen, whose sales grew 5% in the second quarter to $4.68 billion, said it will finance the acquisition by borrowing $8.1 billion and drawing on its cash reserves for the remaining $2.3 billion.

The deal comes on the heels of several other large mergers that have swept the drug industry in recent months, particularly in North America, including major acquisitions by Perrigo (IW 500/266) and Johnson & Johnson (IW 500/17), as well as by Valeant (IW 1000/959).

Copyright Agence France-Presse, 2013


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Midwest Manufacturing Dips in July

The rallying automotive sector took a breather in July and that was the biggest reason for the Chicago Fed Midwest Manufacturing Index to drop 0.1% to 95.8. The slight decrease followed a 0.4% increase in June.

The auto sector decreased 0.4% in July, while the machinery sector in the region moved down 0.3%. The steel industry in the region saw production rise 1.5% while the resource sector was unchanged for the month.

Compared to July 2012, production in the region was up 1.6% for the month and nationally, output increased 1.5%.

Yesterday, the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas reported that Texas manufacturing activity was slowing in August. The production index remained positive but fell from 11.4 to 7.3. Also showing continued growth, but at a slower rate, were new orders index (10.8 to 5.4), the shipments indext (17.7 to 11.4) and the capacity utilization index (12.2 to 4.6).

Texas manufacturers increased hiring, as the employment index rose 2 points to 11.2, but the hours worked index fell sharply from 1.3 to -9.9.

Manufacturers in the state remained optimistic as the indexes for both future general business activity and company outlook picked up from July.

Last week, manufacturers in the Philadephia Fed region also reported an expansion of activity in August, though at a slower rate. The diffusion index of current activity, the survey’s broadest measure of manufacturing conditions, was positive for the third consecutive month, but slipped from 19.8 in July to 9.3 for August.


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Mixed Signs for the Housing Market

Recent housing data is currently positive, but a shift may lie ahead.

On the surface, data coming out of the housing market paints a very positive picture.  Annual Existing Home Sales grew to their highest level in five years in July, and similarly, annual Housing Starts are at levels not seen since late 2008 – both trends fueled by stronger overall economic growth.

However, our job is not just to scratch the surface, and when we look a little deeper, we see a key piece of data that tells us that housing’s run-up will soon be ending.  The Housing Affordability Index has now declined for the past five months and is now at its lowest point since July 2010.  This tells us that more potential buyers are getting priced out of the market. 

Affordability will continue to erode in the coming months as the pace of job (and income) growth remains slow, and mortgage rates trend higher.  Prices, as measured by the annual Case-Schiller 20 City Composite Index, are 6.3% higher than last year, while Disposable Personal Income is up only 1.5%.  Slowing affordability and higher prices will eat away at the gains made in the housing market.  Readers tied to residential construction should keep these weak underpinnings in mind when planning for next year.  


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Belarus Arrests Uralkali CEO After Meeting with PM

MINSK - Belarus on Monday arrested the chief executive of Russian potash giant Uralkali (IW 1000/900) for alleged abuse of authority, detaining him at Minsk airport hours after he had held talks with the Belarussian prime minister.

The extraordinary arrest of Vladislav Baumgertner in the capital Minsk came three weeks after Uralkali severed links with its Belarussian partner Belaruskali, triggering a crash in the prices of global manufacturers of the fertilizer.

"He has been accused of abusing authority or power. He has been placed under custody," Belarussian Investigative Committee spokesman Pavel Taraulko said, without giving further details.

Under this charge, Baumgertner could face between three to 10 years in jail.

The Belarussian Investigative Committee said that it was also investigating Suleiman Kerimov, the billionaire owner of Russia premier league team Anzhi Makhachkala and a major Uralkali shareholder, for unlawful activities.

Four other managers at Uralkali have also been put on a wanted list by the Belarussian Investigative Committee in the probe. But they are currently all believed to be in Moscow.

Uralkali spokesman Alexander Babinsky said that Baumgertner had held a meeting with Belarussian Prime Minister Mikhail Myasnikovich and he was then detained at Minsk airport on departure.


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Operations Strategy Checkup: 5 Key Questions to Ask for Maximum Business Performance

Jason Piatt, president, Praestar Technology Corp.

It seems that no time is convenient to pause the action and review strategy. When you’re in the thick of the battle to produce a product on time, under budget, with superior quality, a strategic review may seem like a waste of time or a misuse of resources. That said, failure to review strategy may result in getting to the wrong destination while doing so very efficiently.

By asking five basic questions and considering the answers, you might optimize business performance and not just operations performance.

All too often, optimized operations performance (yielding highest output at lowest cost and lowest scrap output) is the target that is sought by operations managers. This creates an efficient operation but an inefficient business. Operations executives must consider the marketing and sales strategies of the business as well as new product or process development efforts that are being undertaken by the business. This is incredibly important to establish effective processes for new product onboarding as well as identifying necessary tradeoffs for degree of variation from build to build. The tradeoffs that will be made for high mix of product manufacturing will be significantly different from those environments that are high-volume, low-mix production.

When you’ve established a business-complementary operations strategy, you should then consider which aspects of the strategy carry with them the most risk. This can be done similarly to an FMEA or other risk measurement and mitigation tool. Are there aspects of the strategy that, if they were to fail, would completely compromise your strategic outcomes? Are there aspects that may not cause complete failure, but will impact the outcome and are likely to fail? If either question has an answer of yes, then mitigation strategies for those risky elements should be developed immediately. They may result in the need for increased capital investment or further development of staff through training. In some cases, the elements should be rethought and adjusted to reduce risk while avoiding compromise of outcome.

It isn’t enough to have departmental outcomes measured. It’s often argued that this is sufficient, since everyone is then accountable to the same outcomes. While that’s positive, it is insufficient. Individuals ultimately work toward objectives that positively affect them -- or when a negative outcome will affect them negatively as individuals, not departments. Negative departmental outcomes only have impact when those departmental failures also will impact the individuals directly. For successful operations strategy implementation, group and individual accountability is critical. Similarly, group and organizational alignment is also critical.

A strategy with strategic objectives that doesn’t incorporate a timeline for achievement will float. In order to achieve appropriate business results, the timeline should not only be fixed but accommodate the needs of the business and integrate with other business functions. Has the strategy been adapted to account for likely market opportunities and product development timelines? Will a missed process development milestone compromise the operations strategy? If so, a reconsideration of operations strategy risk might be in order.

Changing market and product- or process-development strategies calls for a necessary flexibility in the operations strategy. That said, accountability needs to be maximized in order to ensure success. In order to be completely successful, a good pairing of responsibility and authority must be present. In other words, those who have responsibility to accomplish the key elements of the operations strategy should have matching levels of authority. This includes an ability to line-manage staff as well as budgetary control and access to senior management when needed.

Asking five short questions to gain (or regain) perspective on your operations strategy, especially as it relates to the market, isn’t only beneficial, it is essential to aligning strategy, tactics, and customer-focused outcomes.

Jason Piatt is president of Praestar Technology Corp., a provider of consulting and training services to manufacturers in the Mid-Atlantic region specializing in lean, Six Sigma & strategy formation.


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70% of Americans Have High-Speed Internet

WASHINGTON - The percentage of Americans with high-speed Internet connections at home has reached 70%, while just 3% still use dial-up to go online, a study showed Monday.

The Pew Research Center's Internet & American Life Project said the percentage of high-speed users represented a small but statistically significant rise from the 66%of adults who said they had home broadband in April 2012.

The percentage using dial-up as of May 2013 has held steady at 3% for the past two years, Pew found, but is down sharply from a peak of 41% in 2001.

Overall, 85% of Americans use the Internet, the report said. Of those who lack a high-speed connection at home, 10% have smartphones that can access the Web.

As previous research has found, those with the highest rates of home broadband use continue to be college graduates, adults under age 50, and adults living in households earning at least $50,000 per year. Whites and adults living in urban or suburban areas also had above-average rates.

"We've consistently found that age, education and household income are among the strongest factors associated with home broadband adoption," said Kathryn Zickuhr, research associate for Pew and lead author of the report.

"Many dial-up users cite cost and access as the main reasons they don't have broadband, but for adults who don't use the Internet at all, a lack of interest is often the main issue."

The survey notes that more than half of all American adults own a smartphone, but it did not determine whether this constitutes "broadband" speed.

"Broadband users can consume and create many types of content in ways that dial-up users cannot, and our research has long shown major differences in these two groups' online behavior," said Pew's Aaron Smith, a co-author of the report.

"Smartphones may offer an additional avenue for Internet access that surpasses the dial-up experience in many ways, but those who rely on them for home Internet use may face limitations that are not shared by those with traditional broadband connections."

Copyright Agence France-Presse, 2013


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US Tech Sector Feels Pain from PRISM

WASHINGTON - Revelations about vast U.S. data collection programs are starting to hit American tech companies, which are ramping up pressure for increased transparency to try to mitigate the damage.

An industry group, the Cloud Security Alliance said last month that 10% of its non-U.S. members have cancelled a contract with a U.S.-based cloud provider, and 56% said they were less likely to use an American company.

A separate report this month by the Information Technology & Innovation Foundation, or ITIF, a Washington think tank, said U.S. cloud providers stand to lose $22 billion to $35 billion over the next three years due to revelations about the so-called PRISM program.

Daniel Castro, author of the report, says a loss of trust in U.S. tech firms could lead to "protectionist" measures that hurt the fast-growing cloud sector.

"The risk is that a country like Germany will say you have to be a German company to provide data services in Germany," Castro said.

"I don't think that helps anyone. We do benefit from free trade and the robust competitiveness in the tech industry."

The report notes that the United States dominates the cloud computing market both domestically and abroad, and that U.S. firms could lose between 10% and 20% of the foreign market in the next few years.


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Durable Goods Orders Drop Sharply in July

New orders for manufactured durable goods in July fell $17.8 billion, led by a large decrease in transportation equipment, the Commerce Department reported today.

While overall durable goods orders fell 7.3%, the decrease was only 0.6% when transportation goods were excluded. Commercial aircraft and parts accounted for $14.5 billion of the decrease.

“Orders excluding transportation remain above 2012 levels but modestly so, by a muted 2.5%,” said Cliff Waldman, senior economist for the Manufacturers Alliance for Productivity and Innovation. “Providing further evidence of broad economic and manufacturing weakness, the demand for the output of key industry sectors that provide inputs into a wide range of manufacturing supply chains, such as primary metals, fabricated metals, and machinery, were essentially flat in July and have been weak since late spring.”

Shipments of durable goods in July also fell, by $800 million or 0.3% to $228.8 billion. Computers and electronic products, down three of the last four months, led the decrease, falling 3.2% to $26.6 billion.

Inventories of durable goods, up three of the last four months, edged up in July by $1.3 billion to $379.1 billion, a 0.4% increase.

Nondefense capital goods orders in July fell 15.4% to $78 billion.

“While following relatively strong gains in May and June, this important gauge of business willingness to invest is up by a modest 3.8%over 2012,” Waldman noted. “Such activity points to a defensive mentality on capital spending, doing only what is necessary to maintain the current level of growth but not operating with the type of aggressive entrepreneurial mentality that often underlies strong periods of U.S. economic performance.

Despite the weak July numbers, Waldman pointed to a number of encouraging signs for short-term manufacturing growth. “The protracted recession in the troubled Eurozone appears to have yielded to a weak recovery. The slowdown in large emerging market economies has bottomed. But there is little evidence of significant growth momentum in the U.S. and through much of the world. And the tepid environment, in turn, is constraining capital spending.  All told, the world economic climate favors positive but moderate growth for the U.S. factory sector over the near-term.”


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Samsonite to Spend Up to $1 Billion in Acquisitions

HONG KONG -- Luggage maker Samsonite said Wednesday it may acquire up to $1 billion in Chinese and Asian brands in the next two to three years to diversify its product range.

The announcement came after Samsonite said that it saw a 17% year-on-year net profit increase in the first half brought on by a successful "diversification in terms of brands, products and markets."

Samsonite saw net sales increase to a record $983.6 million -- 37.6% of its global sales for the first six months of the year came from Asia. It said that 9.5% of the sales were in China.

The Hong Kong-listed company expects China to become its biggest market in as little as three years, overtaking the U.S., company chairman Tim Parker told Dow Jones Newswires.

"In the past we've looked at brands that we could sort of internationalize. Now I think the time for us... is to look at local brands too," Parker said, referring to China.

"The Chinese market now has a number of brands that are quite well established," Parker said, adding that competition in the high-end luggage sector remains intense.

"There is an enormous swathe of our market...(with) some actually rather good brands that have established themselves locally," he said.

In June last year the firm pulled its Tokyo Chic luggage from stores worldwide after a Hong Kong consumer group found parts contained high levels of chemicals that may cause cancer.

Samsonite raised more than $225 million in an initial public offering in Hong Kong in June 2011. By listing in Hong Kong, the luggage maker joined a slew of Western brands seeking to use the southern Chinese city to boost their presence in fast-growing Asian markets.

Copyright Agence France-Presse, 2013


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New York Creates Hub for 'Smart Cities' Technologies

In order to position New York as a global leader in the area of “smart cities” technology, last month the SUNY College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering (CNSE) acquired the landmark Kiernan Plaza in downtown Albany.

The $30 million CNSE-led initiative was a priority project by Governor Cuomo’s Capital Region Economic Development Council.

“The transformation of Kiernan Plaza into the Smart Cities Technology Innovation Center will provide an innovative platform enabling groundbreaking research, education, and workforce training for emerging smart cities technologies,” Governor Andrew Cuomo said.

Smart cities technologies include smart devices, sensors and computer chips, integrated systems, and operating software that collect and analyze data for monitoring highway conditions and improving traffic flow; protect vital infrastructure, such as bridges, data centers and utility installations; safeguard facilities, including wastewater treatment plants; and provide e-safety security in educational settings.  

CNSE was awarded $4 million as a part of Governor Cuomo’s Regional Council initiative to support the purchase. The Smart Cities Technology Innovation Center (SCiTI) will leverage the CREDC funding to generate an additional $26 million in private sector support, leading to the creation and retention of 250 high-tech jobs in downtown Albany.

Additionally, CNSE will collaborate with Trinity Alliance of the Capital Region and Girls Inc. of the Greater Capital Region to develop and deliver joint nanotechnology education and workforce training programs, many of which will benefit young people from urban environments and communities whose citizens are traditionally underrepresented in the science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) fields.   


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Reshoring is Answer to Corporations Cutting U.S. Jobs and Adding Jobs Offshore

As originally reported in a Wall Street Journal article in April 2011, US Department of Commerce data shows that major US corporations cut their work forces in the US by 2.9 million jobs during the 2000s while increasing their employment overseas by 2.4 million.

This trend continues according to data revealed by Trade Assistance Adjustment (TAA) filings made to the US Department of Labor in a recent article in Manufacturing & Technology News. TAA provides benefits and training to workers displaced by trade and shifting manufacturing offshore. The article lists 50 companies that laid off workers in the first three weeks of July, about 80% of which were manufacturing jobs. Other types of jobs displaced were customer service, technical support, information technology, data processing and even engineering design. TPA assistance is like putting a bandage on after your arm was cut off.

While over 25 companies were shifting manufacturing offshore to China or India, it was surprising to see that Mexico was the next highest location to which manufacturing was being shifted. New data produced by the Bank of America shows the reason for this: labor rates in Mexico can be lower than China by as much as 20%, quite a change from 10 years ago when Mexican labor rates were 188% higher than China.

Other reasons for this switch to Mexico are lower transportation costs, faster delivery, higher productivity from automation, more reliable quality, and better payment terms than from China. As a resident of the border region of California and Mexico, I have seen this first hand. "Nearsourcing" to Mexico is occurring when reshoring to the US is not economically justifiable at the present time.

Our major regional organization, CONNECT, has a Nearsourcing Initiative focused on matching San Diego companies in need of outsourcing with the region's local manufacturers. "The program includes workshops that educate the region's innovation entrepreneurs on the benefits of contracting with local manufacturers, including reduced time to market, increased innovation and reduced risk and costs; and a matchmaking program that helps San Diego innovation companies in need of outsourcing to Innovate Locally, Grow Globally – to connect and contract with qualified San Diego production resources." Educational workshops and networking meetings have been held over the past two years, and manufacturers are encouraged to seek local vendors or even be matched with regional vendors by using the www.connectory.comdatabase of primary industries, developed by the East County Economic Development Council, and the CONNECT Resource Guide.

CONNECT's SME (Small-Medium Enterprises) Operations Roundtable group has also taken the lead in educating San Diego's regional manufacturers on how to use the Total Cost of Ownership Estimator developed by Harry Moser of the Reshoring Initiative, by means of a presentation I gave with a local contract manufacturer in February as an authorized speaker on behalf of the Reshoring Initiative.


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Japan's ANA to Buy Stake in Myanmar Airline

TOKYO - Japan's All Nippon Airways (ANA) said Tuesday it would acquire a 49% stake in a Myanmar airline, the latest foray into the rapidly-opening and potentially lucrative Southeast Asian market.

Foreign firms have piled into Myanmar since the installation of a nominally civilian government in 2011, eager to make the most of opportunities in a fast-changing country, but this is the first move on an airline.

"ANA Group will invest $25 million for AWA (Asian Wings Airways) as part of its stated strategy of expanding into new international markets," ANA Holdings - the parent of one of Japan's major airlines - said in a statement.

"As part of the investment, ANA will also work with AWA to improve its operational and on-time performance and support its expansion into markets outside Myanmar," the company said.

The Japanese airline also said it will employ larger aircraft and make the currently three-flights-per-week service daily between Tokyo's Narita and Yangon from the end of September.

"The acquisition of the stake in AWA represents the first investment in a Myanmar-based commercial carrier by a foreign airline," the statement said.

"ANA intends to capture an increasing share of the fast-growing Asian airline market and this investment in AWA will support that strategic goal," it added.

Asian Wings, based in the commercial hub of Yangon, flies to 13 cities in Myanmar. It will begin an international service this October.


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Take 5: Q&A with Norm Augustine, former CEO, Lockheed Martin

Norm Augustine retired in 1997, but not before creating the world’s biggest defense contractor.

Augustine, former chairman and CEO of Lockheed Martin Corp. (IW 500/29), in 1995 orchestrated the merger of Martin Marietta and Lockheed Corp., creating what is now Lockheed Martin.

During the Industrial Research Institute’s 75th annual meeting in D.C., Augustine offered IW some insight on his time leading Lockheed Martin, serving as Undersecretary for the U.S. Army and on the defense industry.

My greatest strength as a leader was I’m very good at identifying talented people, talented dedicated people. I was always able to surround myself with people who fit those adjectives.

If you’re at a company with 180,000 employees as I was, you don’t make much difference by yourself. It’s “Can you create an environment where everybody else is at their best?” To do that, you’ve got to have people around you that are really talented.

I’m a delegator. I believe in delegating. My 13 words are: “Find good people. Tell them what you want and then leave them alone.”

That’s my management secret. It’ll save you two years, $100,000 at business school, if you do those things.

One of the things that certainly comes to mind that was always an enigma to me was I’ve had trouble holding schedules for meetings and the like.

I had on more than one occasion groups of people sitting outside of my office waiting for the next meeting. And it’s an insult to them.

It’s inefficient and the dilemma is you’re on the topic you’re on. You need 10 more minutes. Do you cut that off and then reassemble that group or do you finish that and have everybody else wait in the hall for 10 minutes? I never found the answer to that.

When I was CEO, there was nothing that really surprised me all that much, with one exception. It was pretty much what I expected, I guess.

The one thing I didn’t realize was the amount of time you would spend in dealing with people wanting the company’s support or the company’s money for very worthy causes. It just occupies a whole lot of your time.

Often, these people are customers that you have to listen to and what they’re doing, every one of them, you think, “Wow, that’s terrific. We’d love to do that.” But it uses an awful lot of the CEO’s time and a lot of this can’t be delegated. Some can but a lot cannot. That was the one thing I was unprepared for.


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For Unemployed Black Americans, MLK 'Dream' Unfinished

WASHINGTON - Fifty years after the "dream" of racial equality invoked by Martin Luther King at the March on Washington, the reality is that African-Americans still suffer the most unemployment.

Government statistics show the overall U.S. unemployment rate stood at 7.4% in July.

But while whites had a jobless rate of 6.6% last month, the rate was nearly double for blacks at 12.6%.

By comparison, the Hispanic, or Latino, minority fared better, with 9.1% unemployed.

Asian-Americans were the least affected by the woes in the U.S. labor market after the Great Recession; only 5.7% lacked jobs.

"Discriminations against African-Americans are still very pervasive, it's a major force of the economy," said Heather McGhee, vice president of Demos, a Washington-based think tank on equal rights.

The yawning gap between majority whites and blacks is nothing new and has persisted through periods of economic expansion and recession.

Since 1972 the jobless rate for blacks has held at roughly double that of the entire workforce.

Even at the end of 2000, amid full employment in the U.S., when the jobless rate was 3.9%, 7.3% of African-American workers were unemployed.

The weight of this joblessness has pushed blacks into the majority of the 27.6% of Americans living in poverty, although they represent only 13% of the population of some 316 million.


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China to Launch Lunar Lander

BEIJING -- China will send its first probe to land on the moon by the end of the year, space administrators said Wednesday according to state media.

Planning and construction for the unmanned Chang'e-3 mission have been completed and it has "officially entered its launch implementation phase" the State Administration of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defence said, Xinhua reported.

It will be launched "at the end of this year,, the official news agency said, adding that it will see a Chinese orbiter land on the moon for the first time, after using an unspecified technique to slow its speed.

In Chinese mythology, Chang'e is a woman who lives in a palace on the moon.

Beijing sees the multi-billion-dollar space program as a marker of its rising global stature and mounting technical expertise, as well as the ruling Communist Party's success in turning around the fortunes of the once poverty-stricken nation.

The project is heavily promoted to the domestic audience, and President Xi Jinping attended the launch of its last manned mission, Shenzhou-10, in June.

China's space capabilities remain far behind those of the United States and Russia, but it aims to build a station orbiting earth by 2020, with putting a man on the moon a future ambition.

The last human to walk on the Earth's natural satellite was Apollo 17 commander Eugene Cernan in 1972.

Copyright Agence France-Presse, 2013


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Nissan to Offer Self-Driving Cars by 2020

WASHINGTON - Motorists could go hands-free, leaving their cars' computer brains fully in charge, as early as 2020, when Nissan (IW 1000/31) says it plans to have a self-driving vehicle ready for the market.

The Japanese automaker said Tuesday that its "revolutionary" self-drive technology could be ready by then, and that it is already building a synthetic cityscape of real roads and buildings for testing the vehicles.

"I am committing to be ready to introduce a new ground-breaking technology, Autonomous Drive, by 2020, and we are on track to realize it," chief executive Carlos Ghosn said Tuesday.

Nissan, which broke ground in 2010 with the introduction of its Leaf fully electric small car, said it is aiming to build a self-driving car that can be sold at "realistic prices."

"The goal is availability across the model range within two vehicle generations," the company said in a statement.

Nissan said it is already testing how to extend its Safety Shield technology, which uses a 360 degree system of cameras and sensors to help drivers park and avoid collisions.

Autonomous Drive would enhance safety and accident avoidance, and allow drivers who spend hundreds of hours commuting every year to make more productive use of their time.

It will also give the elderly and disabled much more freedom and mobility, the company said.

Nissan next year will complete the construction of a proving ground for self-driving cars in Japan.

"Featuring real townscapes -- masonry, not mock-ups -- it will be used to push vehicle testing beyond the limits possible on public roads to ensure the technology is safe," the company said.

Copyright Agence France-Presse, 2013


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AstraZeneca Buys Cancer Drug Firm Amplimmune

LONDON - AstraZeneca (IW 1000/157) said on Tuesday that it has agreed to buy U.S.-based cancer drugs company Amplimmune, as the Anglo-Swedish pharmaceuticals group seeks to bolster its flagging pipeline of new products.

Under the deal, MedImmune will acquire 100% of Amplimmune's shares for an initial price of $225 million, with another $275 million deferrred until it reaches key drug development milestones.

"AstraZeneca today announced that MedImmune, its global biologics research and development arm, has entered into a definitive agreement to acquire Amplimmune, a privately held, Maryland, U.S.-based biologics company focused on developing novel therapeutics in cancer immunology," a statement said.

"MedImmune's focus on harnessing the power of the patient's own immune system to fight cancer will be complemented by Amplimmune's innovative work in this area," said Bahija Jallal, executive vice president of MedImmune.

"It will allow us to strengthen our arsenal of potential cancer therapies.

"We are excited to be working with the Amplimmune team to help find new treatments to address areas of unmet medical need."

Over the weekend, meanwhile, the world's top biotech firm Amgen struck a deal to buy Onyx Pharmaceuticals for $10.4 billion, joining a trend toward consolidation in the drug making industry.

The deal will allow Amgen (IW 500/71) to get its hands on Kyprolis, a promising treatment for blood cancer developed by Onyx and approved by U.S. authorities in 2012.

Amplimmune is AstraZeneca's latest acquisition under new chief executive Pascal Soriot, who joined in October last year.

The London-listed group purchased U.S. firm Pearl Therapeutics in June for up to $1.15 billion.

Copyright Agence France-Presse, 2013


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China Probes Three More Oil Executives For 'Violations'

SHANGHAI -- Three executives of the listed arm of China's biggest oil producer are being investigated for "violations of discipline," a phrase which typically refers to corruption, the government said today.

PetroChina vice presidents Li Hualin and Ran Xinquan as well as chief geologist Wang Daofu were under investigation by authorities, said the company, which is listed in both Hong Kong and Shanghai.

The three had resigned from their positions, the firm said, adding its business operations were unaffected. It gave no reason for the investigation.

PetroChina (IW 1000/5) has a net asset value of more than $160 billion, according to the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, where trading in the company's shares was suspended today, as it was in Shanghai.

China's State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, which oversees state firms, confirmed the investigation in a separate statement, saying it was into "serious violations of discipline."

Li was also a deputy general manager of PetroChina's parent, China National Petroleum Corp.

State media announced a day ago that Wang Yongchun, one of CNPC's vice presidents, was also under investigation.

The announcements came after the trial of disgraced politician Bo Xilai for bribery, embezzlement and abuse of power ended Monday after five days of hearings.

China's president Xi Jinping has vowed to crack down on corruption at all levels of the government, calling graft a threat to the future of the ruling Communist party.

PetroChina said its shares would resume trading on Wednesday.

Copyright Agence France-Presse, 2013


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Saudi Arabia to be Site of World's Largest CO2 Purification, Liquefaction Plant

Jubail Industrial City, Saudi Arabia will be the site of the world’s largest carbon dioxide (CO2) purification and liquefaction plant. 

The Linde Group announced last week that it will built this plant, which will be designed to compress and purify around 1,500 tons per day of raw carbon dioxide coming from two nearby ethylene glycol plants, for Jubail United Petrochemical Co., a manufacturing affiliate of SABIC (Saudi Basic Industries Corporation).

The purified gaseous CO2 will be pipelined through the piping corridor of the Royal Commission of Jubail to three SABIC-affiliated companies for enhanced methanol and urea production. Methanol is a basic commodity for the chemical industry and urea is used for fertilizer production. An estimated 500,000 tons of CO2 emissions will be saved each year.

The reduction of CO2 emissions is an important aim in both SABIC's and Linde’s sustainability strategy.

The plant will also be capable of producing 200 tons per day of liquid CO2 with food grade quality which will be stored and supplied by truck to the beverage and food industry.


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Report: Fears of Near-Term Skills Gap Are Exaggerated

The manufacturing skills gap is not a serious problem short-term and won’t prevent a resurgence in U.S. manufacturing over the next few years, according to a report released today by Boston Consulting Group.

The report, titled “The U.S. Skills Gap: Could It Threaten a Manufacturing Renaissance,” states that the skill shortages that manufacturers face are a result of supply-demand imbalances in specific jobs and locales.

Moreover, only seven states report “significant” or “severe” gaps, and six of those states are in the bottom quartile of U.S. manufacturing output, according to the report, which expands on research BCG released last October.

“Our research finds little evidence of a meaningful and persistent skills gap in most parts of the U.S., including in its most important manufacturing zones,” BCG states the report. “The real problem is that companies have become too passive in recruiting and developing skilled workers at a time when the U.S. education system has moved away from a focus on manufacturing skills in order to put greater emphasis on other capabilities.”


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Three New Bio-refineries to Pump Up Louisiana's Energy Sector

Energy production in Louisiana got a shot in the arm last week when Cool Planet Energy Systems announced it will invest $168 million to build three bio-refineries in the state.

The modular biomass-to-gasoline refineries will be built in Alexandria, Natchitoches and a site to be determined.  About 72 new direct jobs will be created as well as 422 indirect jobs. Additionally 750 construction jobs will be created.  

“For decades, Louisiana’s oil and gas leaders have teamed up with our remarkable work force to pave the way in energy production for our nation and the world,” said Governor Bobby Jindal. “We are now setting the pace for innovative new technologies that harness Louisiana’s renewable energy resources and supply advanced fuels to meet our nation’s energy demands.” 

Cool Planet uses small-scale bio-refineries, to economically convert nonfood biomass into high-octane gasoline, jet fuel and diesel fuel. The company will harvest wood waste and forest byproducts to make gasoline at its initial commercial-scale facilities in Louisiana. Each bio-refinery will be capable of producing 10 million gallons of high-octane, low-vapor pressure gasoline for strategic distribution through existing market channels and for blending at Louisiana refineries. The fuel will be compatible for use in existing vehicles on the road today.

“Cool Planet chose Louisiana for multiple reasons, including abundant renewable feedstock supply and a business-friendly attitude toward innovative companies like ours,” Cool Planet Energy Systems CEO Howard Janzen said. “The support we have seen here enhances our unique distributed production model, which envisions locating small bio-refineries near biomass sources to keep both operating and capital costs low. Our goal is to have operating and capital costs that are competitive with conventional oil industry gasoline production costs.”

The company will also market biochar, a byproduct of the refining process that will be used as an agricultural supplement to boost water retention and reduce carbon released from crops. This process makes Cool Planet’s overall production cycle a carbon-negative process – meaning the project will achieve a net reduction of greenhouse gases. 

Additionally, these projects will benefit Louisiana’s timber industry. Cool Planet recently met in Washington, D.C., with both the U.S. Department of Agriculture and the Environmental Protection Agency to ensure that the wood residues the company will be using in its first commercial facility will be federally certified as producing a renewable, cellulosic gasoline from the sustainably harvested wood products right here in Louisiana.

Cool Planet will be able to use wood residues — such as the tops of trees, branches, tree bark and tree thinnings — that will create additional value for our Louisiana forest owners and timber management companies. The wood chips that Cool Planet uses are sustainably harvested and included as part of the federally approved pathway for the renewable fuel standard. 

In addition to the renewable, high-octane gasoline to be produced, Cool Planet will be returning a portion of the wood residues back to the land.  he company will do this in the form of soil-enhancing biochar, with a patented process that helps maintain critical water and nutrients in the soil. The whole process has the ability to reduce greenhouse gases by 150% over conventional gasoline.

Cool Planet’s production plants will be 100 times smaller than a typical oil refinery, but the company’s largely prefabricated systems can be moved near concentrated biomass sources, reducing transportation costs and increasing efficiency. Those savings will enable the company to produce gasoline that’s competitive with oil refineries at prices as low as $50 per barrel while eliminating the need for government fuel credits or subsidies.

The City of Alexandria will provide gas, water, sewer and electrical upgrades, along with road improvements at the 30-acre Port of Alexandria site. Upriver from Alexandria, the Natchitoches Parish Port will provide a Red River site for Cool Planet’s second bio-refinery in Louisiana.

LED began working with Cool Planet on potential Louisiana locations in September 2012. To secure the project, Louisiana offered the company a competitive incentive package that includes a $750,000 Economic Development Award Program grant to offset infrastructure costs, along with the services of LED FastStart – the nation’s No. 1-ranked state workforce training program. Cool Planet also is expected to utilize the state’s Quality Jobs and Industrial Tax Exemption programs.

The company’s business model calls for developing 400 of the micro-refineries across the U.S. in the next decade. Major Cool Planet investors include BP, Google Ventures, Energy Technology Ventures (GE, ConocoPhillips and NRG Energy), North Bridge Venture Partners, Shea Ventures and the Constellation division of Exelon.


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US Nuclear Plant Shuts Down as Can't Compete with Natural Gas

WASHINGTON -- A 40-year-old nuclear plant in Vermont will shut down next year due to the high costs of competing with cheap natural gas, the company said Tuesday.

Entergy Corp. said the Vermont Yankee plant, which employed some 600 people and was licensed to operate until 2032, will be decommissioned after its current fuel cycle ends.

"This was an agonizing decision and an extremely tough call for us," said Leo Denault, Entergy's CEO.

"We have reluctantly concluded that it is the appropriate action for us to take under the circumstances."

The Louisiana-based Entergy said the move was based on "a number of financial factors," and noted it had poured $400 million into the plant's operations since 2002.

The top reason cited by the company was "a natural gas market that has undergone a transformational shift in supply due to the impacts of shale gas, resulting in sustained low natural gas prices and wholesale energy prices."

The company also pointed to "wholesale market design flaws" that lead to "artificially low" energy prices in the region.

The plant's end of operations, or safe shutdown, was set for the fourth quarter of 2014, the company said.

Vermont Yankee is a single unit boiling water reactor that began operating in 1972. Entergy acquired the plant from Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Corporation in 2002.

Closures of nuclear plants in the United States -- where nuclear energy provides 20% of the electricity -- are rare.

Copyright Agence France-Presse, 2013


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French Court Overrules Mercedes Sales Ban

PARIS - France's top administrative court Tuesday overruled a contentious government decision to ban the sale of some top-end Mercedes models on the grounds that they posed a threat to the environment.

The Council of the State said registrations of certain A, B and CLA-class models, frozen since June, should be resumed in two days.

"It does not appear that if these cars are put on the road in France...they will pose a serious threat to the environment," the ruling said, ordering the government to pay Mercedes France 3,000 euros ($4,000) in damages.

The court said the decision had cost Mercedes France dear, affecting 60% of its sales in the country and 40% of its earnings. A total of 4,500 vehicles had been hit by the ban.

Mercedes France welcomed the ruling saying it "re-established an equilibrium in competition among European carmakers."

France's environment ministry had initiated the move in June, saying the cars use an air conditioning refrigerant the European Union believes emits excessive greenhouse gases.

Mercedes-Benz owner Daimler (IW 1000/18), which appealed against the ban, has insisted on sticking with an older coolant as it claims studies have shown that the new liquid catches fire more easily and puts cars at a greater risk of explosion in a crash.

Since Jan. 1, European Union norms demand that car makers use a cleaner refrigerant, deemed less polluting than older products.

Daimler says it will continue with the older product with the hope that "in the next few years" a better version will be available. Japan's Toyota (IW 1000/8) recently said it will not use the new coolant in its Prius Plus, Lexus, GS and GT86 models sold in Europe.

Daimler says no country besides France has raised an objection to the continued use of the older coolant.

Copyright Agence France-Presse, 2013


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Improvement Kata and Coaching Kata Workshop

October 1st - 3rd, 2013 • Cambridge, MA + to calendar

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Honda's China Venture Recalls Over 400,000 Cars

BEIJING – Due to a problem with a component, Dongfeng Honda Automobile, a Chinese joint venture with Honda Motor Co. (IW 1000/29), will recall more than 400,000 cars in the world's largest auto market.

Dongfeng Honda Automobile will begin the recall of its CR-V sport utility vehicles in China on Friday, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine said.

The company, which is a 50-50 joint venture, offered to inspect the vehicles and change any of the defective components, which were named as "piston rods" for shock absorbers in the statement.

"In extreme circumstances, the piston rods may fracture," it added.

The CR-V model is one of the top 10 selling SUVs in China.

Copyright Agence France-Presse, 2013


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